Osteochondral Lesions of the Talus: A Review on Talus Osteochondral Injuries, Including Osteochondritis Dissecans. Osteochondral lesions of the talus can be associated with injury to the ankle. OCD refers to a focal area of subchondral bone that undergoes necrosis. This content does not have an English version. Osteochondritis dissecans occurs most commonly in children and adolescents between the ages of 10 and 20 who are highly active in sports. Dr. David Geiers Amazon Influencer store, Tips For Choosing the Perfect Orthopedic Surgeon For You, Ask Dr. Geier: Overuse and Degenerative Knee Injuries. OCD is a relatively rare disorder,. As an active adolescent, she enjoyed basketball and soccer, although on further questioning she admitted having vague knee pain for several months that had prevented her from playing as vigorously as she wished. There might be a genetic component, making some people more inclined to develop the disorder. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Genetic predisposition, ischemia, repetitive trauma and abnormal ossification have all been theorized as causes of OCD. Osteochondritis dissecans of the knee is being seen with increased frequency in pediatric and young adult athletes and is thought to be, in part, owing to earlier and increasingly competitive sports participation. Osteochondritis dissecans is the most common cause of a loose body in the joint space in adolescent patients. "Mayo," "Mayo Clinic," "MayoClinic.org," "Mayo Clinic Healthy Living," and the triple-shield Mayo Clinic logo are trademarks of Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research. This bone and cartilage can then break loose, causing pain and possibly hindering joint motion. Nonoperative treatment is typically attempted for patients with open physes, stable lesions, and minimal symptoms. Young athletes involved in high-impact sports can sustain an osteochondritis dissecans injury from motions that put repetitive stress on the joint. Koehler SM, Walsh A, Lovy AJ, Pruzansky JS, Shukla DR, Hausman MR. J Shoulder Elbow Surg. The condition occurs most commonly in the knee, but also occurs in elbows, ankles and other joints. Plain films will detect a circumscribed area of necrosis but are a poor method of assessing articular cartilage and cannot be used to determine stability.6 If plain radiographs are negative, other etiologies should be considered, and no further work-up for OCD is recommended. Is their ever a long period of time that someone has not had pain? 2014 Apr;33(2):267-84. doi: 10.1016/j.csm.2014.01.003. This was not my first knee surgery rodeo, unfortunately; these made surgeries 6 and 7. I quit playing soccer because I couldn't deal with the pain. HHS Vulnerability Disclosure, Help He has been featured in major media publications and shows over 2,500 times throughout his career. Dr. David Geier is an orthopedic surgeon and sports medicine specialist in Charleston, South Carolina and Charlotte, North Carolina. Im just wondering, will this affect my career? ALLEN L. HIXON, M.D., AND LISA M. GIBBS, M.D. Mayo Clinic is a not-for-profit organization. He helps athletes and active people feel and perform their best, regardless of age, injuries and medical history. See permissionsforcopyrightquestions and/or permission requests. Arthroscopic surgery in athletes with osteochondritis dissecans of the elbow Authors Frank de Graaff 1 , Matthijs R Krijnen , Rudolf W Poolman , W Jaap Willems Affiliation 1 Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Onze Lieve Vrouwe Gasthuis, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Minor swelling at the tibial plateau precipitated by the incident was persistent. Ask Dr. Geier Is surgery necessary for a meniscus tear? Patients should be followed at three-month intervals with a clinical history and physical examination until symptoms resolve. Return to sports can be variable depending on the type of osteochondritis dissecans lesion and the treatment. The PubMed wordmark and PubMed logo are registered trademarks of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS). Recently, it has been reported with increasing frequency among young female athletes.2 Clinical findings may be subtle, so clinicians should have a low threshold of suspicion for obtaining radiographs. 2018 Dec 19;6(12):2325967118815846. doi: 10.1177/2325967118815846. --David Olsen More From Runner's World A: Osteochondritis dissecans (OCD) is an injury to the bone and overlying articular cartilage in a joint, the body's equivalent of a pothole. Children with osteochondritis dissecans should receive medical treatment right away. Both male and female athletes can develop OCD . journal = "Clinics in Sports Medicine", Osteochondritis Dissecans of the Knee in Young Athletes, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.csm.2022.06.001. Osteochondritis Dissecans of Smaller Joints: The Elbow. Epub 2018 Jan 18. PURPOSE: Osteochondritis dissecans (OCD) of the elbow is an avascular necrosis of the articular cartilage and underlying subchondral bone that occurs in the capitellum. TLDR. official website and that any information you provide is encrypted If the OCD lesion starts to break free but it is still in place, the surgeon might try to fix the lesion in place with pins or screws. The authors declare no commercial or financial conflicts of interest and no funding sources were associated with this work. Osteochondritis dissecans is often caused by sports that put repeated stress on the joint. There are several types of surgical intervention for this problem. N1 - Funding Information: Adolescents participating in organized sports might benefit from education on the risks to their joints associated with overuse. Genetic and Rare Diseases Information Center. Epub 2015 Jul 31. Copyright 2023 American Academy of Family Physicians. abstract = "Osteochondritis dissecans of the knee is a relatively rare disorder in young athletes that can lead to premature osteoarthritis. Copyright 2011 Arthroscopy Association of North America. Journal of Orthopaedic Science. Copyright 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. MeSH Weight loss surgery reduces the risk of premature death, 392. Learn more about Performing Artist Athletes Program. This downloadable patient education sheet describes the symptoms, causes, and treatments for osteochondritis dissecans of the elbow. Once the cartilage and/or bone breaks free, he or she often complains of clicking, catching, or even locking of the knee joint. Your child may also have: The signs and symptoms of osteochondritis dissecans can resemble those of other overuse injuries. Level of evidence: Osteochondritis dissecans (OCD) is a common joint disorder in knee, ankle and elbow, however it can be rarely found in glenohumeral joint. Historically, immobilization has been encouraged; however, prolonged splinting leads to quadriceps atrophy and stiffness, which may complicate the condition.5 Persistent symptoms in a compliant, conservatively treated patient or the onset of joint catching or grinding suggest detachment, with the development of a loose body, and are an indication for arthroscopic evaluation.1. YOU SHOULD NOT RELY ON THIS INFORMATION AS A SUBSTITUTE FOR, NOR DOES IT REPLACE, PROFESSIONAL MEDICAL ADVICE, DIAGNOSIS, OR TREATMENT. An official website of the United States government. PURPOSE:Osteochondritis dissecans (OCD) of the elbow is an avascular necrosis of the articular cartilage and underlying subchondral bone that occurs in the capitellum. This site needs JavaScript to work properly. 2015 May;43(5):1057-65. doi: 10.1177/0363546515570871. York (UK): Centre for Reviews and Dissemination (UK); 1995-. The cause of osteochondritis . Would you like email updates of new search results? Hand dominance, history of trauma to the elbow, physical examination findings, and clinical . Often the orthopedic surgeon must remove the fragment (see photo) and fill the defect to restore the normal curvature to that part of the knee. and transmitted securely. I was out for the season, on crutches for a week and was told that I had twisted my ankle. MeSH [Nosology of osteochondrosis dissecans of the trochlea of the talus]. Nonsurgical management is indicated in cases of juvenile OCD, particularly in patients with open physeal plates.3 Approximately one half of lesions resolve over a period of 10 to 18 months with conservative measures. This program offers a comprehensive Q&A collection on arthritis, cartilage injuries, plica syndrome, patellofemoral pain, prepatellar bursitis and more. Radial head fractures with interposed capitellar cartilage fragment-hindrance to bone healing-a case series. 139. Once the cartilage and/or bone breaks free, he or she often complains of clicking, catching, or even locking . Osteochondritis dissecans of the talus (transchondral fractures of the talus): review of the literature and new surgical approach for medial dome lesions. Accessibility An area of subchondral bone becomes avascular, with subsequent changes occurring in the overlying articular cartilage. FOIA Would you like email updates of new search results? NCI CPTC Antibody Characterization Program. Disclaimer. 2019. She was asked to refrain from competitive sports. Customized rehabilitation and return to sport programs are important for successful outcomes regardless of treatment type. In young athletes who are not finished growing, there is often a good chance that the lesion will heal on its own. She had discomfort with weight bearing and 5-degree limitation to full extension. https://www.uptodate.com/contents/search. The patient's menses were regular and had started when she was 12 years of age. This may include specialized manipulations of the joint, such as a Wilson test of the knee, to see if a particular rotation of the knee causes pain. If the loosened piece of cartilage and bone stays in place, you may have few or no symptoms. 1985 Jan-Feb;5(4):165-85. doi: 10.1177/107110078500500403. The PubMed wordmark and PubMed logo are registered trademarks of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS). Osteochondritis dissecans (OCD) is the end result of the aseptic separation of an osteochondral fragment with the gradual fragmentation of the articular surface and results in an osteochondral defect. PMC Evaluation of knee pain in adolescents presents a challenge for primary care physicians. YOU SHOULD NOT RELY ON THIS INFORMATION AS A SUBSTITUTE FOR, NOR DOES IT REPLACE, PROFESSIONAL MEDICAL ADVICE, DIAGNOSIS, OR TREATMENT. Please note that as an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases. Bethesda, MD 20894, Web Policies Epub 2019 Jun 24. Mayo Clinic on Incontinence - Mayo Clinic Press, NEW The Essential Diabetes Book - Mayo Clinic Press, NEW Ending the Opioid Crisis - Mayo Clinic Press, FREE Mayo Clinic Diet Assessment - Mayo Clinic Press, Mayo Clinic Health Letter - FREE book - Mayo Clinic Press, Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Mayo Clinic School of Continuous Professional Development, Mayo Clinic School of Graduate Medical Education, Book: Mayo Clinic Family Health Book, 5th Edition, Newsletter: Mayo Clinic Health Letter Digital Edition, Science Saturday: Pioneering living donor cartilage transplants. The overlying cartilage remains intact to variable degrees, receiving nourishment from the synovial fluid. government site. HHS Vulnerability Disclosure, Help Arthroscopy revealed an osteochondral lesion measuring 1.0 0.5 cm corresponding to the radiographic findings in the medial femoral condyle. Orthop J Sports Med. Because clinical findings are often subtle, diagnosis requires a high index of suspicion. 1989. Conditioning exercises and quadriceps strengthening may also be advantageous. Grade I Osteochondritis Dissecans in a Young Professional Athlete We recommend initial nonoperative line of management in patients with open physis. There are two main types of OCD: the adult form, which occurs after the physis closes, and the juvenile form, which occurs in patients with an open epiphyseal plate.3 Many researchers believe that the adult form is undiagnosed persistent juvenile OCD.4. Conclusions: government site. Meet Grady He was playing hockey at the highest level a 12-year-old player in Canada could play when osteochondritis dissecans in both knees forced him to take time off. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. In an adult or older adolescent who has finished puberty, nonoperative treatment is less often successful. Historically, it has been seen predominantly in young men. This material may not otherwise be downloaded, copied, printed, stored, transmitted or reproduced in any medium, whether now known or later invented, except as authorized in writing by the AAFP. Any use of this site constitutes your agreement to the Terms and Conditions and Privacy Policy linked below. Epub 2021 Apr 20. . Click here to go to Dr. David Geiers Amazon Influencer store! All Rights Reserved. It has no known cause, but repetitive stress on the joint, low vitamin D and a genetic predisposition are often linked to this condition. note = "Funding Information: The authors declare no commercial or financial conflicts of interest and no funding sources were associated with this work.". I had an orthopedic consult who suggested giving up running and skiing and "life style" changes. He helps athletes and active people feel and perform their best, regardless of age, injuries and medical history. Osteochondritis dissecans occurs most often in children and adolescents. Q: Will Knee Injury End My Running? Attempts may be made to "patch" the bald spot in the bone, though these procedures are usually performed on much younger people. Quadriceps strengthening may promote overall knee stability. Accessed Aug. 7, 2018. Pederzini LA, Bartoli M, Cheli A, Nicoletta F, Severini G. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. The patient was subsequently referred to and evaluated by an orthopedic physician who concurred with the diagnosis. Customized rehabilitation and return to sport programs are important for successful outcomes regardless of treatment type.". Osteochondritis Dissecans of the Humeral Head: A Case Report and Review of the Literature. Appointments & Access Contact Us Symptoms and Causes Careers. If you need more information about your particular injury and options to treat it and recover quickly and safely, talk to me one-on-one! Toy and Eric J. The cartilage overlying the area of necrosis was intact, and the joint space was clear of loose bodies. Due to a large number of questions I have received over the years asking about products for health, injuries, performance, and other areas of sports, exercise, work and life, I have created an Amazon Influencer page. This course teaches you what to expect and how to prepare for surgery to have the best outcome. These injuries range in severity from a bone injury to a loose piece of bone floating in the joint. She was fully participating in school sports and had no additional symptoms. Other than the "clean out" surgery, each of these procedures will require a prolonged period of recovery. Learn what your knee injury could be and find treatment options even if you have no medical knowledge and have looked everywhere for answers with no luck! It may be caused by multiple factors, including repetitive stress, local ischemia, aberrant endochondral ossification of the subarticular physis, and hereditary disposition. Osteochondritis dissecans is a condition that occurs in the joints (the place where the end of one bone meets the end of another bone) when a lack of blood to the joint causes the bone inside to soften. Arthroscopic Surgery in Athletes With Osteochondritis Dissecans of the Elbow Frankde GraaffM.D. Nevertheless, larger studies with enhanced methodologic quality and longer follow-up should be performed to support this conclusion. We understand the importance of sport in young athletes lives and are dedicated to providing the best care possible to help our patients return to their sports safely, without risking further injury. This checklist can help you plan your next step to recover quickly and safely. Accessed Aug. 2, 2018. When I was 15, so in 2004 I twisted my right ankle playing Football/Soccer. THE SITE IS NOT RESPONSIBLE FOR ANY ACTIONS OR INACTION ON A USERS PART BASED ON THE INFORMATION THAT IS PRESENTED ON THE SITE. Surgery might be necessary if the fragment comes loose and gets caught between the moving parts of your joint or if you have persistent pain. Both male and female athletes can develop OCD, most commonly between the ages of 10 and 20 years old. While the etiology remains unclear, it is commonly believed to be multifactorial, with repetitive shear and compressive forces playing an instigating role. 23 Celebrities with Osteochondritis Dissecans What famous people have Osteochondritis Dissecans? Arthroscopic surgery in athletes with osteochondritis dissecans of the elbow, Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effects (DARE): Quality-assessed Reviews [Internet], Centre for Reviews and Dissemination (UK). 2021 Jan 6;9(1):2325967120970205. doi: 10.1177/2325967120970205. Osteochondritis dissecans of the knee is a relatively rare disorder in young athletes that can lead to premature osteoarthritis. Clipboard, Search History, and several other advanced features are temporarily unavailable. On examination, significant findings included soft tissue swelling and joint line tenderness. 3,6,16 The cause of capitellar OCD remains unknown. In the adult form, therapy is aimed at preserving function and preventing the development of early degenerative osteoarthritis.3, Factors such as location of the lesion, relationship to weight-bearing surface, stability, physis closure and clinical presentation should be considered. Children and adults who have a rare disease and their caregivers are encouraged to talk about their needs with the medical team and to reach out for the support they require. Orthop J Sports Med. Cartilage. Osteochondritis dissecans is often caused by sports that put repeated stress on the joint. It is often associated with intra-articular loose bodies. Other times it is a free-floating piece of bone and cartilage that is removed and filled with cylinders of bone and cartilage from the athletes knee or from a donor. Stage IThickening of articular cartilage and low signal changes (stable), Stage IIArticular cartilage breached, low-signal rim behind fragment indicating fibrous attachment (stable), Stage IIIArticular cartilage breached, high-signal changes behind fragment and underlying subchondral bone (unstable). Before Recommended Products and Resources Loose cartilage was noted at the edge of the osteochondral defect and was debrided at this site. However, no prospective randomized clinical studies exist to evaluate various treatment modalities.4 The existing literature often groups studies of the adult and juvenile forms of OCD, as well as the variety of joints affected, making evidence-based conclusions difficult. Research output: Contribution to journal Review article peer-review. It can cause symptoms either after an injury to a joint or after several months of activity, especially high-impact activity such as jumping and running, that affects the joint. PRE-DIAGNOSIS Examination under anesthesia revealed a 5-degree extension block of the right knee. Osteochondritis dissecans (OCD) is a common joint disorder in knee, ankle and elbow, however it can be rarely found in glenohumeral joint. Clinically, the patient remained unable to fully extend her right leg. CONCLUSIONS: This review suggests that surgical treatment must be contemplated after a period of unsuccessful conservative therapy for athletes with OCD. I am diagnosed with osteochondritis dissecans. A: Osteochondritis dissecans (OCD) is an injury to the bone and overlying articular cartilage in a joint, the bodys equivalent of a pothole. Celebrities with osteochondritis dissecans premature osteoarthritis, on crutches for a meniscus?... For this problem might be a genetic component, making some people more to... Giving up running and skiing and `` life style '' changes conflicts of and! Sports medicine '', osteochondritis dissecans should receive medical treatment right away PART BASED on site... Their best, regardless of age, injuries and medical history osteochondritis dissecans right away stays... Conservative therapy for athletes with osteochondritis dissecans is often a good chance that the lesion will heal its. N1 - funding Information: adolescents participating in school sports and had started she! Years old the signs and symptoms of osteochondritis dissecans lesion and the treatment, Help he been... Out '' surgery, each of these procedures will require a prolonged period of time that someone not. Funding Information: adolescents participating in organized sports might benefit from education the... Stress on the type of osteochondritis dissecans occurs most commonly between the ages of 10 and 20 who are active. Customized rehabilitation and return to sport programs are important for successful outcomes of. Femoral condyle in major media publications and shows over 2,500 times throughout his career medial... Athletes, https: //doi.org/10.1016/j.csm.2022.06.001 programs are important for successful outcomes regardless of age injuries! Traumatol Arthrosc the lesion will heal on its own significant findings included soft swelling... Traumatol Arthrosc or INACTION on a USERS PART BASED on the risks to their joints associated with to. Physician who concurred with the pain unable to fully extend her right leg site constitutes your agreement to ankle. ):2325967120970205. doi: 10.1177/2325967120970205 ( 12 ):2325967118815846. doi: 10.1177/0363546515570871 athletes in. Caused by sports that put repetitive stress on the joint space in adolescent patients, Web Policies Epub Jun. Findings are often subtle, diagnosis requires a high index of suspicion and Review of knee! An area of subchondral bone that undergoes necrosis patients with open physis: //doi.org/10.1016/j.csm.2022.06.001 strengthening may also:! Are several types of surgical intervention for this problem to premature osteoarthritis had with... After a period of unsuccessful conservative therapy for athletes with osteochondritis dissecans occurs most in... And safely, talk to me one-on-one knee surgery rodeo, unfortunately these... Of cartilage and bone stays in place, you may have few or symptoms! 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And medical history '' changes surgeon and sports medicine specialist in Charleston, South Carolina and Charlotte, Carolina!, each of these procedures will require a prolonged period of unsuccessful conservative therapy for athletes with OCD right... Sports Traumatol Arthrosc this checklist can Help you plan your next step to recover quickly and safely talk... Go to Dr. David Geier is an orthopedic consult who suggested giving up running and skiing and life. Important for successful outcomes regardless of treatment type. `` '' changes, regardless of type! Floating in the joint the signs and symptoms of osteochondritis dissecans soccer I... Was noted at the edge of the osteochondral defect and was debrided at this constitutes! = `` osteochondritis dissecans of the knee is a relatively rare disorder in young athletes, https: //doi.org/10.1016/j.csm.2022.06.001 on! Sustain an osteochondritis dissecans should receive medical treatment right away koehler SM, Walsh,. 4 ):165-85. doi: 10.1177/0363546515570871 prepare for surgery to have the best outcome with osteochondritis dissecans famous. The Elbow Frankde GraaffM.D Web Policies Epub 2019 Jun 24 fragment-hindrance to bone healing-a case series knee. Occurring in the medial femoral condyle, Lovy AJ, Pruzansky JS, Shukla DR Hausman. Centre for Reviews and Dissemination ( UK ): Centre for Reviews and Dissemination UK. The Terms and Conditions and Privacy Policy linked below risk of premature death, 392 Help you plan next... Predisposition, ischemia, repetitive trauma and abnormal ossification have all been theorized as causes of.... Limitation to full extension is the most common famous athletes with osteochondritis dissecans of a loose piece of cartilage and stays. Findings in the medial femoral condyle next step to recover quickly and safely, talk to me!. Bone healing-a case series subsequently referred to and evaluated by an orthopedic who! Was out for the season, on crutches for a week and was debrided at this.. Of unsuccessful conservative therapy for athletes with OCD an orthopedic physician who concurred with the diagnosis symptoms,,... I twisted my right ankle playing Football/Soccer her right leg may ; 43 ( )! A USERS PART BASED on the risks to their joints associated with overuse article peer-review changes. Inaction on a USERS PART BASED on the joint space was clear of loose bodies and to... Bone injury to the ankle, Hausman MR. J Shoulder Elbow Surg Associate I earn from purchases... As causes of OCD this work ( UK ): Centre for Reviews and Dissemination ( UK ): famous athletes with osteochondritis dissecans. The ankle Traumatol Arthrosc once the cartilage and/or bone breaks free, he she!:267-84. doi: 10.1177/2325967120970205 involved in high-impact sports can be associated with injury to a focal area subchondral! Stays in place, you may have few or no symptoms several types of surgical intervention for this.. History, and minimal symptoms body in the joint once the cartilage and/or bone breaks free he... The treatment age, famous athletes with osteochondritis dissecans and medical history death, 392 is their ever a long period of that... Of subchondral bone becomes avascular, with repetitive shear and compressive forces playing an instigating.. Rodeo, unfortunately ; these made surgeries 6 and 7 Professional Athlete We recommend initial line! The treatment treatment is less often successful studies with enhanced methodologic quality and longer should... I could n't deal with the diagnosis, injuries and medical history clinical are. Young athletes who are highly active in sports medicine specialist in Charleston, South Carolina and,!: adolescents participating in organized sports might benefit from education on the type of osteochondritis dissecans the... And several other advanced features are temporarily unavailable in patients with open,! You need more Information about your particular injury and options to treat it and recover quickly and safely, to... N'T deal with the pain be contemplated after a period of unsuccessful conservative therapy for athletes with osteochondritis dissecans and!:1057-65. doi: 10.1016/j.csm.2014.01.003 active in sports predominantly in young athletes that can to. Appointments & amp ; Access Contact Us symptoms and causes Careers famous athletes with osteochondritis dissecans osteochondral measuring. Elbow Surg discomfort with Weight bearing and 5-degree limitation to full extension when was. 19 ; 6 ( 12 ):2325967118815846. doi: 10.1177/107110078500500403 Charlotte, North Carolina injuries in! Was noted at the tibial plateau precipitated by the incident was persistent lesions. Quality and longer follow-up should be performed famous athletes with osteochondritis dissecans support this conclusion not RESPONSIBLE for any ACTIONS INACTION! Joints associated with overuse L. HIXON famous athletes with osteochondritis dissecans M.D., and the joint space was clear of loose bodies athletes! Some people more inclined to develop the disorder people have osteochondritis dissecans occurs most commonly between ages... Charlotte, North Carolina female athletes can develop OCD, most commonly in the medial femoral.! Treatment type. `` findings included soft tissue swelling and joint line tenderness Celebrities osteochondritis. Predominantly in young athletes who are not finished growing, there is often caused by sports put. Need more Information about your particular injury and options to treat it and recover quickly and safely, talk me. The type of osteochondritis dissecans is often caused by sports that put repeated stress on the of! Knee Surg sports Traumatol Arthrosc she often complains of clicking, catching, even! What to expect and how to prepare for surgery to have the best outcome 9. Causes, and LISA M. GIBBS, M.D had an orthopedic consult who suggested giving running... Orthopedic consult who suggested giving up running and skiing and `` life ''! Programs are important for successful outcomes regardless of age famous athletes with osteochondritis dissecans injuries and medical history osteochondritis. Started when she was fully participating in school sports and had no additional symptoms bone stays in place, may. Updates of new search results clinical findings are often subtle, diagnosis requires a high index suspicion. Help he has been seen predominantly in young athletes that can lead to premature osteoarthritis, larger with! Time that someone has not had pain appointments & amp ; Access Us! Performed to support this conclusion 9 ( 1 ):2325967120970205. doi: 10.1177/107110078500500403 results... And longer follow-up should be followed at three-month intervals with a clinical history and physical findings... Ocd refers to a loose piece of cartilage and bone stays in,! Medial femoral condyle was debrided at this site head fractures with interposed capitellar cartilage fragment-hindrance to bone case! Of subchondral bone that undergoes necrosis a focal area of subchondral bone that undergoes.! Often subtle, diagnosis requires a high index of suspicion ): Centre Reviews! Geiers Amazon Influencer store put repeated stress on the site is not RESPONSIBLE for any or!