A Warner Bros. W. Caleb McDaniel is a professor of history at Rice University. "I sowed the cotton, hoed the cotton, and picked the cotton. He helped Wood file a lawsuit in Cincinnati against Ward, now a wealthy man living in Lexington. Most slaves were by their owners design and eventually by law forbidden to learn how to read and write, so they didnt leave us material that so many figures in the past did, Levengood said. Poole gone to the field. Homesick thoughts, trying to read his Bible. Gangs worked throughout the antebellum period to capture free black men, women and children and smuggle them into the South, under the cover of the Fugitive Slave Law of 1850, which required the return of runaway slaves. The value of his real estate was $18,000. must be sold out of this section, or hung, or I must move, as my negroes might be the cause of all the negroes being dissatisfied and many a man might loose his property by my coming here. is brandon hall plantation haunted? However, at the height of the slave era (1830-1860), only a few thousand masters owned as many as 300 people. All rights reserved. All they needed was someone to do the dirty work of enslaving her again. The freedom suit had prevented Ward from selling Wood for nearly two years, but in 1855, he took her to a Kentucky slave-trading firm that did business in Natchez, Mississippi. In the same tax rolls is a J. When she died in 1912, her suit was already forgotten by all except her son. On October 29, 1840, Charlotte Hoggatt married Gerard Brandon III, who was the son of an early Governor of Mississippi and the grandson of a Revolutionary War Hero of the same name. ] stream. This article is a selection from the September 2019 issue of Smithsonian magazine. Carter said the original documents digitized on the site will help her uncover more of her own familys history in Virginia, as well as help her students learn about the era. In view of all this he is satisfied he brought as many slaves as he ought to have done, (for sometimes I have regreted [sic] I did not bring more) for after hiring out a good lot I have now more than I can find work for & am feeding on an expense which will in one or two years (if the war continues that long, but I sometimes wish it was over now) will make them cost very high. He goes down the Brassos on Thursday to get corn, sees some fine plantations, the people look more like home folks, but Texas shows out, viz. [1] [2] [3] The gang located Wood's employer in Cincinnati, a boardinghouse keeper named Rebecca Boyd, and paid her to join their scheme. Cirode returned to France in 1844, abandoning his wife, Jane, who eventually took Wood with her to Ohio, a free state. This list is by no means complete. By 1878, white Northerners were retreating from Reconstruction. I sowed the cotton, hoed the cotton, and picked the cotton. Visits another refugee family, hears some incidents they had heard of the occupation of Natchez. Legal trouble with Hughes.12 Talks to lawyer A. After her suit, she moved with her son to Chicago. They also said that Ward's alleged crimes had occurred too far in the past a recurring argument against reparations. He had cautioned the jurors against an excessive award, claiming falsely that many former slaveholders already regretted slavery. They led me to archives in nine states in search of her story, which I tell in full for the first time in my new book, Sweet Taste of Liberty: A True Story of Slavery and Restitution in America. Finally, they announced a verdict that few expected: "We, the Jury in the above entitled cause, do find for the plaintiff and assess her damages in the premises at Two thousand five hundred dollars.". not the care, pains & comfort in fixing up places. He couldnt find corn. By suing Ward for the wages she had lost while owned by Brandon, her lawyers made clear that a verdict for Wood was an acknowledgment of the evils of slavery itself. Call List Agent for a Fact Sheet. Arrival of Jim and Middleton, and Sanford was behind with 58 negroes & some stock. Jim and Brandon go to see Oliver Carter to try and rent his place on the Brassos. No rental, but he gets corn. It is believed that the name Brandon came from the family name of Martin's wife . CROSS THAT RIVER continues in New York for a limited engagement through Sunday, Dec. 31 at the 59E59 Theaters (59 East 59th Street, between Madison and Park Avenues). The free, public website also provides a high-resolution copy of the antique documents that identify the slave. He sends some wine to Graves, and she sends cake & pies, which Sanford and I am eating as I write. Begins December 30 entry, hunting deer. Now she watched nervously as the 12 jurors returned to their seats. Boone Hall was built on the backs of black slaves, who harvested cotton and pecans and produced brick on its grounds. Went to pay for some corn. Brandon Hall Plantation was built in 1856 outside of Natchez. Most furnishings along with the commercial equipment & supplies will stay. See Goodspeeds Biographical and Historical Memoirs of Mississippi, vol. The plaintiff was Henrietta Wood, described by a reporter at the time as "a spectacled negro woman, apparently 60 years old." Her captors destination was Lexington, Kentucky, where prices for slaves had risen in tandem with the Southern cotton economy. Though a fraction of what Wood had asked for, the amount would be worth nearly $65,000 today. If you are interested in a house, all information, including: price, status, neighborhood, condition, etc., must be independently verified. Chilly weather. In the first half of the 19th century, there were as many as 85 slaves working at the plantation. Swing also told the jurors to focus on Woods kidnapping in assessing the case, and the vast majority of freed people could not show, as Wood did, that they had been re-enslaved. Property is 45 acres and one of the few private driveways directly off the Natchez Trace Parkway. Meat at Bulls but so hard & dry no one could eat it. Meats Esquire Jones, an opponent of secession who fears the postwar. His ancestors were slaves here, but the longtime math and science teacher at McComb High School felt no anger or bitterness. How many [illegible] I have doctored & sick negroes, swelled feet & legs, swelled stomachs, dyptheria, fever, seems to me nearly all man is heir to, but all well this morning & I am thankful it is no worse. Medicine nearly out. This mansion on the outskirts of Natchez was once the centerpiece of a large cotton plantation located on the Natchez Trace. Brandon Hall Plantation, built ca 1856 by Gerard Brandon, U.S. 61, Washington. Gerard Brandon, one of the largest slaveholders in the South, bought Wood and took her to his house, Brandon Hall, on the Natchez Trace. Brandon mentions his diary in a letter to his daughter Ella, dated October 21, 1863, and found in the Vonkersburg Family Collection at the Historic Natchez Foundation. A Note to our Readers Evangeline Wayne is seated near the center, in a cream-colored coat. "And I know some people might think that's strange," says Belton, 76.. The postwar constitutional amendments that abolished slavery and extended national citizenship to ex-slaves enabled Wood to pursue Ward in federal court. This inventory lists the names, ages and capabilities of Arnold's newly . The whole country bleeds and is in mourning. In 1807, at the death of Benjamin Harrison III (1743-1807), his will divided the . Some newspapers even predicted that lawsuits like hers would proliferate. Sanderson hung back in Natchez. Able. He strikes new deal with Able to settle on his land: he could let me heave as much land as Col. R. had offered, with 300 acres in cultivation, 2 cabins, & corn in the ground at $1 per barrel, and let me have the use of a mill , would charge $5 an acre for the cleared land & let me pay for it by picking cotton at $1 per 100 pounds. Brandon agrees. Also Brandon Hall in Reid Smith and John Owens, The Majesty of Natchez (Montgomery, Ala.: Paddle Wheel Publications, 1969): it is obvious that he, like so many of his contemporaries, had succumbed to the Greek Revival era of elegance. Brandon camps near Butler (Freestone County, halfway between Palestine and Fairfield) and goes to see a Mr.Morgan, apparently an acquaintance from Mississippi, who had brought slaves belonging to W. S. (or S. That story began two centuries ago with Wood's birth in northern Kentucky. Friends visit from Waco. Brandon kept her enslaved on a cotton plantation until well after the war. The postwar constitutional amendments that abolished slavery and extended national citizenship to ex-slaves enabled Wood to pursue Ward in federal court. Then, in 1878, jurors ruled that Ward should pay Wood for her enslavement. The plantation, however, plays a role in the darkest period of American history. Major Boone was a successful planter and slave owner, and his plantation . In 1834, the teenager was bought by a merchant in Louisville and taken from her family. Descendants identify the man in this photograph, found on Ancestry.com, as Brandon. "Fortunately for this country the institution of slavery has passed away," he had instructed the jurors, "and we should not bring our particular ideas of the legality or morality of an institution of that character into Court or the jury-box." 1845, d. 1909), Charlotte Lottie Brandon (b. 73 Natchez Trace Pkwy,Natchez, Mississippi, 39120, 7 beds 8 baths 10,768 sqft 45 acres, Jackie Smith PAUL GREEN REALTORS 601-442-2768. Wood suffered another, unexpected setback in 1874, when her lawyer was murdered by a client's husband in an unrelated divorce case. Ward's lawyers stalled, claiming that Wood's failed antebellum suit for freedom proved his innocence. Report of a Mrs. Absence of farm animals on the list indicates strongly oriented cotton plantation. $$$ info@brandonhallplantation.com Closed now 9:00 AM - 5:00 PM The Prospect Hill Plantation is without a doubt one of the most historically significant sites in the state. Though a fraction of what Wood had asked for, the amount would be worth nearly $65,000 today. Yes, Boone Hall Plantation did have slaves right from the time it was established in 1681. Starts with Sandy for Col. Robertson at Salado (see Elijah Robertson). Eats water melons at Joness, drinks a mint julep, has dinner with good soup & a peach cobbler. On Monday (August 17?) My children must thank me for the attempt to save [?] Cornelias screw worms , such as kill thousands of stock in Texas annually. Poole has been ill for three days. Fortunately for this country the institution of slavery has passed away, he had instructed the jurors, and we should not bring our particular ideas of the legality or morality of an institution of that character into Court or the jury-box. He had cautioned the jurors against an excessive award, claimingfalselythat many former slaveholders already regretted slavery. The "finest" house at the Brandon Hall Plantation, for example, was built by the enslaved. Begins December 24 entry. Not only business operations and day-to-day labor routines, but family affairs, the roles of women, racial attitudes, relations between masters and slaves, social and cultural life, the values shared by members of the planter class, and Smithsonian magazine participates in affiliate link advertising programs. Many newspapers described Woods suit as an old case or a relic of slavery times, consigning stories like hers to a fading past. Old Mr. S. Turner bought Jane and children. Wood was never allowed to testify, however, and Ward denied her claims. While the online website is intuitive on how to use, the workshops are being held for users who need more guidance, Levengood said. "I can't quite tell my age," Wood recalled in a newspaper interview in 1876, but she knew she was born enslaved to the Tousey family between 1818 and 1820. In 1969, civil rights leader James Forman issued a manifesto calling on churches and synagogues to pay half a billion dollars in reparations to black Americans. But Woods award, however insufficient, was not ineffectual. I worked under the meanest overseers, and got flogged and flogged, until I thought I should die.. You can explore lives and stories of these slaves at the 9 slave cabins in the plantation where the Black History in America Exhibit is displayed. On April 17, 1878, 12 white jurors entered a federal courtroom in Cincinnati to deliver the verdict in a now-forgotten lawsuit about American slavery. All Rights Reserved. After her suit, she moved with her son to Chicago. Now, she watched nervously as the 12 jurors returned to their seats. This property has much more to offer. By suing Ward for the wages she had lost while owned by Brandon, her lawyers made clear that a verdict for Wood was an acknowledgment of the evils of slavery itself. ADAMS Formed in 1799 from Natchez District Anchorage Plantation North - Griffith Auburn Plantation - Duncan Avalange Plantation - Harper These 81 years extended from Mississippi's frontier days during the period of grace and plenty before the Civil War, and through the South's darkest hours after the war. Tour Rosedown Plantation State Historic Site in St. Francisville during one of its daily, hourly tours. Horse foundered, took him to Middletons camp. Between 1820 and 1860, nearly a million people were sold "down the river.". After Brandon pursued several possible places to rent in Texas, Joseph S. Able, a resident of Robertson County, offered Brandon a place on his land with 300 acres in cultivation 2 cabins & corn on the ground as well as use of a mill. In the 1890s another formerly enslaved woman, Callie House, led a national organization pressuring the government for ex-slave pensions. Wonderful site.. Wood was among them. p.3: Deaths on Trip to Texas, continued onto 4. CNN Sans & 2016 Cable News Network. Born into bondage in Kentucky, Wood testified, she had been granted her freedom in Cincinnati in 1848, but five years later she was kidnapped by Ward, who sold her, and she ended up enslaved on a Texas plantation until after the Civil War. An affidavit provided by Brandon in a later lawsuit indicates he departed on July 1.5. Goes Friday to see after some negroes I had hired in Falls Co. Stays with H. L. Bennett. All Rights Reserved. Home All Old Houses Plantation 1856 Brandon Hall In Natchez Mississippi. Unsure of his next steps, whether to visit home and be on the dodge all the time, the great fear I have is being sent to a northern prison.. And when the carriage finally rolled to a stop outside of Covington, Ward's men were waiting. She was soon sold again, to a French immigrant, William Cirode, who took her to New Orleans. I worked under the meanest overseers, and got flogged and flogged, until I thought I should die.". Many of the slaves had been forgotten to the world until the Virginia Historical Society received a $100,000 grant to pore over some of its 8 million unpublished manuscripts letters, diaries, ledgers, books and farm documents from Virginians dating to the 1600s and began discovering the long-lost identities of the slaves, said society president and CEO Paul Levengood. 1844, d. 1900; married Aaron Tip Stanton on October 12, 1865), James C. Jim Brandon (b. The first plantations in the Americas of sugar cane, cocoa, tobacco, and cotton were maintained and harvested by African slaves controlled by European masters. Two of Brandons brothers were killed in battle, one at Chancellorsville and one at Fredricksburg (p.329). 1864/1865, d. 1935), Adams County, Mississippi: 154 enslaved people are listed under Gerard Brandon. February 27, 2023 By restaurants on the water in st clair shores. The letter continued: Jane and three children brought $2795. If you purchase an item through these links, we receive a commission. Because the award was small, procedural rules prevented Ward from appealing to higher courts where the verdict might have been more widely noticed. On July 1, 1863, just days before the U.S. Army arrived to free thousands of people around Natchez, Brandon, determined to defy emancipation, forced some 300 slaves to march 400 miles to Texas, far beyond the reach of federal soldiers. (pg 44a-44b), Adams County, Mississippi: 217 enslaved people were listed under Gerard Brandon, trustee for children. 70 slave dwellings were also noted. Wood was among them. Cookie Policy Her captors' destination was Lexington, Kentucky, where prices for slaves had risen with the Southern cotton economy. When the United States banned the importation of slaves after 1807, Virginia became the largest provider in the nations internal slave trade, Levengood said. Cirode returned to France in 1844, abandoning his wife, Jane, who eventually took Wood with her to Ohio, a free state. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. What a pity, that amount would have supported you during the war. Your Privacy Rights Researching black folk is difficult, so anytime you can find a new resource its always good to investigate, he said. This site should be used for informational and entertainment purposes only. (this book has a wealth of info on slaves - since many of the people listed were freed in wills - details of emancipation are there as well as detailed physical descriptions) Saving Slave Houses Project Preservationist Jobie Hill gave a tour of the Brandon Plantation in southern Virginia and talked about her Saving Slave Houses project and read more Report. It wasnt until she returned to Mississippi with Brandon in 1866 that she gained her freedom; she continued to work for Brandon, now promised a salary of $10 a month, but she would say she was never paid. Contact the agent for information. In 1637, merchants John Sadler and Richard Quiney and mariner William Barber, bought Martin's Brandon. Ella Brandon Stantons daughter, Charlotte Brandon (1866-1936), married Dunbar Surget Merrill. His wife Charlotte (39) and children Elmina (16), James (14), Charlotte (12), Sarah (9), Agnes (9), Mary (5), and Alice (4) are listed a fellow members of the household. Lee Hall Plantation: Richard Decatur Lee : 371159N 763432W : 72001510 : Lexington Plantation: George Mason V : 383838N 771156W . Sends Sandy to post office hoping to hear from home. They and their heirs farmed it successfully until 1720 when it was sold to Nathaniel Harrison. Buttermilk at Robertsons. Brandon told me that Mr.Poole was offered $2000 in gold for Phoebe on his way to Texas, but he was on ahead of wagons and negroes and did not hear of it until too late. Unfortunately Charlotte Brandon Stanton Merrill had little time to enjoy her undivided ownership of Brandon Hall because on January 27, 1914 the plantation, house and land, was sold at auction to one George Hightower as a result of default on promissory notes held by the First Natchez Bank. and was bought for Miss Perking of Buckingham.. 1800 kitchen/slave house with its unusual extended cornice. Going directly from Alexandria to Sabinetown suggests that he crossed the swampy region between those places directly, avoiding the roads. Brandon Hall Plantation, west side. Begins October 3 entry. Wood was never allowed to testify, however, and Ward denied her claims. Slaves at the Boone Hall Plantation & Gardens. appreciated. The trial began only after eight years of litigation, leaving Wood to wonder if she would ever get justice. An R. A. Morgan is also listed on the immediately preceding line, with seven slaves valued at $5600. Zebulon Ward was their man. In 1809 the property was sold at public auction to William Lock Chew for the sum of $7,000. The database features a public message board, filled with notes posted by users searching for ancestors who may have been slaves. Wood suffered another, unexpected setback in 1874 when her lawyer was murdered by a clients husband in an unrelated divorce case. The land on which Brandon Hall now stands first passed into private ownership as a royal grant from the Spanish King Carlos III in 1788. Woods victory briefly made her lawsuit national news. Its an incredibly complicated and tragic institution that were just beginning to understand the dimensions of, Levengood said. The tract was known as Martin's Brandon. Zebulon Ward was their man. "My mistress gave me my freedom," Wood later said, "and my papers were recorded." Those Virginia families found the old, handwritten papers in attics, basements or desk drawers, Levengood said. This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with almost no restrictions whatsoever. Includes elegant balconies, walkways, gazebo, pond, 2 guest cottages and a 3,438 sqft reception hall. In order to identify records of interest, you must first examine the genealogy of slaveholding families. Elsewhere in the database is a stark description of the sale of slaves and goods in a February 11, 1858, typed letter from slaveholder William Daniel Cabell of Benvenue in Nelson County, Virginia, to his wife, Elizabeth Nicholas Cabell. At Boone Hall Plantation Black history is not something that is defined by a certain time of year. They led me to archives in nine states in search of her story, which I tell in full for the first time in my new book, Sweet Taste of Liberty: A True Story of Slavery and Restitution in America. She had not forgotten Ward and sued him the following year. As one put it, Woods award was not a liberal equivalent for the loss of liberty she had suffered, but it would be applicable to a great many cases yet untried.. Newspapers described Wood's suit as an "old case" or a "relic of slavery times," consigning stories like hers to a fading past. She would one day recall that period of her life as a "sweet taste of liberty.". But Gerard Rickey notes in an email from November 23, 2016, that there is also a Henrietta mentioned in the memoir of James Brandons son Gerard Brandon (the nephew of the GB who owned Henrietta Wood). Guest cottages and a 3,438 sqft reception Hall, until I thought I should die. `` balconies walkways... Newspapers described Woods suit as an old case or a relic of slavery times, consigning stories like to. Now, she watched nervously as the 12 jurors returned to their seats Chew for the attempt save... And flogged, until I thought I should die. `` for example, was ineffectual. Finest & quot ; house at the height of the antique documents that identify the slave era ( )... A high-resolution copy of the page across from the family name of Martin & # ;! To try and rent his place on the immediately preceding line, with seven slaves valued at $ 5600 directly. Watched nervously as the 12 jurors returned to their seats restrictions whatsoever incredibly complicated tragic! 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